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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">patmedfar</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Пациентоориентированная медицина и фармация</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Patient-Oriented Medicine and Pharmacy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-1924</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LLC Izdatelstvo OKI</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/2949-1924-0098</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">KAPSRK</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">patmedfar-180</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕДИАТРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDIATRICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние особенностей течения беременности и родов на интенсивность и частоту срыгивания у детей грудного возраста</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The influence of the course of pregnancy and childbirth on the intensity and frequency of regurgitation in infants</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4516-4194</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богданова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogdanova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Михайловна Богданова, к. м. н., доцент</p><p>кафедра пропедевтики детских болезней с курсом общего ухода за детьми</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia M. Bogdanova,  Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor</p><p>Department of Propaedeutics of Childhood Diseases with a course in General Child Care</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natasha.bogdanov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8461-4083</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калашник</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalashnik</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Александра Витальевна Калашник, студент 3 курса</p><p>студент 3 курса</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra V. Kalashnik, 3rd year student</p><p>Pediatric Faculty</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aleksandrakalasnik1@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Богданова Н.М., Калашник А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Богданова Н.М., Калашник А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bogdanova N.M., Kalashnik A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pomph.ru/jour/article/view/180">https://www.pomph.ru/jour/article/view/180</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Срыгивания (регургитация) являются распространенной проблемой среди детей грудного возраста. Интенсивные срыгивания могут влиять на качество жизни ребёнка и его семьи. Предупреждение этого недуга требует понимания причинно-следственных связей между перинатальными факторами риска и самим синдромом. Своевременное определение перинатальных предикторов позволит проводить первичные персонализированные профилактические мероприятия данного состояния.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Выявить негативные факторы в течении беременности и родов, а также оценить их взаимосвязь с синдромом срыгивания у младенцев.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено ретроспективное исследование, которое включало 88 детей, рождённых в срок, в удовлетворительном состоянии, с оценкой перинатальных факторов риска и характера функциональных расстройств со стороны пищеварительного тракта на основании составленной анкеты.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлена статистически значимая зависимость между гестозом у матери и срыгиванием у её ребёнка (p = 0,002, n = 40), а также их интенсивностью (p = 0,02, n = 21). В ходе анализа не обнаружено значимых связей конкретных проявлений гестоза у матери с регургитацией у её младенца. При анализе интенсивности срыгивания идентифицирован ряд закономерностей: минимальные срыгивания на 1 балл чаще встречались у детей, матери которых страдали гестозом в третьем триместре беременности (р = 0,00015, n = 7) или гестационным диабетом (р = 0,00015, n = 7); срыгивания высокой интенсивности, оцененные на 4 и 5 баллов, значимо чаще имели дети, рождённые в результате стремительных родов (р = 0,00011, n = 6).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Регистрация у будущей матери гестоза или гестационного диабета, а также стремительных родов позволит выделить её младенца в группу риска по развитию срыгивания и своевременно организовать профилактические мероприятия, направленные на снижение частоты и выраженности данного синдрома.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Relevance</title><p>Relevance. Regurgitation (regurgitation) is a common problem among infants. Intensive regurgitation can affect the quality of life of a child and his family. Prevention of this disease requires understanding the cause-and-effect relationships between perinatal risk factors and the syndrome itself. Timely identification of perinatal predictors will allow for the implementation ofprimary personalized preventive measures for this condition.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To identify negative factors during pregnancy and childbirth, as well as to assess their relationship with regurgitation syndrome in infants.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods: A retrospective study was conducted, which included 88 children born at term, in satisfactory condition, with an assessment of perinatal risk factors and the nature of functional disorders of the digestive tract based on a questionnaire.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A statistically significant relationship was established between gestosis in a mother and regurgitation in her child (p = 0.002, n = 40), as well as their intensity (p = 0.02, n = 21). The analysis did not reveal any significant links between specific manifestations of gestosis in the mother and regurgitation in her infant. When analyzing the intensity of regurgitation, a number of patterns were identified: minimal regurgitation was 1 point more common in children whose mothers suffered from gestosis in the third trimester of pregnancy (p = 0.00015, n = 7) or gestational diabetes (p = 0.00015, n = 7); high-intensity regurgitation, rated at 4 and 5 points, was significantly more common in children born as a result of rapid childbirth (p = 0.00011, n = 6).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Registration of gestosis or gestational diabetes in the expectant mother, as well as rapid childbirth, will make it possible to identify her baby at risk for regurgitation and timely organize preventive measures aimed at reducing the frequency and severity of this syndrome.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>срыгивания</kwd><kwd>младенец</kwd><kwd>токсикоз</kwd><kwd>гипоксия</kwd><kwd>микробиота</kwd><kwd>гестационный диабет</kwd><kwd>стремительные роды</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>regurgitation</kwd><kwd>infant</kwd><kwd>toxicosis</kwd><kwd>hypoxia</kwd><kwd>microbiota</kwd><kwd>gestational diabetes</kwd><kwd>rapid delivery</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнялась без спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out without sponsorship</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zeevenhooven J, Koppen IJ, Benninga MA. 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